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The Invention of the Web The web was invented by a man named Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 - that's 20 years after the start of the Internet. People had been trying to work out effective ways of sending information around on the Internet for a while at that point (email was invented in 1971, for example), but there hadn't been any systems that had really harnessed the net's potential. The web changed everything. Berners-Lee's big idea was to apply the idea of links to the Internet: the web would be a mass of pages that you could move between by clicking on links. He came up with a format for these pages (HTML), and wrote the first web browser to view them with, as well as the first web server for sending them to other people's web browsers. Links might not seem like much now, but at the time they were revolutionary. Imagine what the web would be like if you had to keep typing long addresses every time you wanted to move from one page to the next, or using long numbered menu systems that work differently from one site to the next. Without the web, having Internet access would be pretty useless. Servers and Browsers Any time you use a web browser (like Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox), you're using the web. How? Well, it works like this: 1. You open your web browser, and it goes to your home page. From there, you can click links to other websites, or to other parts of the same website. If your home page is a search engine, then you can type in a search and click links in the search results. If you know the address of a site you want to go to, you can type it in, and then click more links from there to keep going. 2. Each time you click a link, your browser looks at two things about it: the name of the web server it links to, and the name of the page it links to on that server. For example, the address 'http://www.example.com/mypage.html' tells the web browser to get the page called mypage.html from the server at www.example.com, using HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol). This server is a real computer, connected to the Internet, that has the page you want to read stored on its hard disk. 3. To find out where this server is, your web browser looks it up using DNS (Domain Name System), which turns the text address into a number. This IP (Internet Protocol) address consists of four numbers between 0 and 255 - it looks like a phone number. The Internet is set up to make it easy to find a server anywhere in the world once you know its IP address, and it can easily find the quickest route from your ISP (Internet Service Provider) to the server, and establish communication. This whole process, from DNS lookup to connection, will often take much less than a second. 4. Your web browser then sends an HTTP request to that web server, and the web server responds by sending back the HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) code for that page. Your web browser turns this code into a page that you can view. From there, you can click more links to start the process over again. Of course, all this is quite simplified: modern browsers and servers send around much more than HTML code. You can use the web to download anything now, from pictures to programs, but it all works in basically the same way.
If something goes wrong somewhere in this process, then you'll get an error: 'the page cannot be displayed', for example, usually means that the server's name was wrong, or that it doesn't have the page you wanted. You might also see errors saying that the server is currently too busy with other people's requests to respond, or that the page you wanted has moved. In each case, the best thing to do is to follow the instructions on the error page, which usually means checking the address and trying again.
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More Articles:1. 10 Ways to Achieve Superior Web Site Design In order to achieve online success, one must have effective and reliable products and services and great web design as well. Many people are judging the book by its cover this is the reason why your website should also be superior.Here are 10 ways to carry out in order to ensure that your website design will turn out to be a superior one:1. Keep those banner programs away. Avoid plastering your pages with every banner program you can think of because it is like broadcasting to the whole world th… 2. Marking Your Spot in Cyberspace. - 3 Keys To Making Your Site Memorable! By Anthony Jewell As significate as landing on the moon was, your spot in cyberspace can be just as memorable. I find that the better looking and working a site is then the more it makes me want to come back and use it. When a person first lands on your website they need to be amazed at not only the design but the content and what you offer. Each part of your website should leave a mark in the visitors mind and make them want to stop in every time they jump online. Just same way you want to stop in at the local… 3. 10 Profitable Reasons To Add A Discussion Board Or Chat Room To Your Web Site! 1. You'll be able to communicate with your visitors.They'll begin to trust you and get to know you on amore personal level. People will purchase productsquicker from somebody they already know and trust.2. People will revisit your web site to participate onyour discussion board or chat room. They will meetother people with similar interests and your web sitewill become a hang out were they can chat.3. You can learn important information about yourvisitors by reading the conversations they have. … 4. Usability Lessons from the Hospital By Meryl K. Evans Usability isn't only for Web design. It's also applicable in the real world as things aren't always well-designed. Paying attention to real world design can help you think through usability for Web design. For instance, there is an elevator in New York where the numbers are in three columns. The numbers go across, but in this elevator they go from right to left instead of left to right. It's in English not Hebrew.Elevator in NY:10 9 87 6 5Most elevators:8 9 105 6 7This concept can be applied t… |
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